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Performance of freely available vision-capable chatbots on the test for understanding graphs in kinematics
written by Giulia Polverini and Bor Gregorcic
In this paper, we evaluate the performance of three freely available vision-capable chatbots – Copilot, Gemini, and Claude 3 Sonnet – on the Test of Understanding Graphs in Kinematics (TUG-K). Our analysis highlights a performance gap between these freely available chatbots and the state-of-the-art, subscription-based ChatGPT-4. We also report largely unclear patterns of performance of the tested chatbots on different types of tasks. We discuss the implications of our findings for using chatbots in educational contexts, point out potential challenges for educational equity, and provide some ideas for future research that could help us better understand the patterns in the chatbots' performance on tasks that involve the interpretation of graphical input.
Physics Education Research Conference 2024
Part of the PER Conference series
Boston, MA: July 10-11, 2024
Pages 336-341
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Education Foundations
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https://doi.org/10.1119/perc.2024…
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Free access
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This material is released under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 license. Further distribution of this work must maintain attribution to the published article's author(s), title, proceedings citation, and DOI.
Rights Holder:
American Association of Physics Teachers
DOI:
10.1119/perc.2024.pr.Polverini
Keyword:
PERC 2024
Record Creator:
Metadata instance created September 6, 2024 by Lyle Barbato
Record Updated:
September 12, 2024 by Lyle Barbato
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when Cataloged:
September 12, 2024
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AIP Format
G. Polverini and B. Gregorcic, , presented at the Physics Education Research Conference 2024, Boston, MA, 2024, WWW Document, (https://www.compadre.org/Repository/document/ServeFile.cfm?ID=16919&DocID=5986).
AJP/PRST-PER
G. Polverini and B. Gregorcic, Performance of freely available vision-capable chatbots on the test for understanding graphs in kinematics, presented at the Physics Education Research Conference 2024, Boston, MA, 2024, <https://www.compadre.org/Repository/document/ServeFile.cfm?ID=16919&DocID=5986>.
APA Format
Polverini, G., & Gregorcic, B. (2024, July 10-11). Performance of freely available vision-capable chatbots on the test for understanding graphs in kinematics. Paper presented at Physics Education Research Conference 2024, Boston, MA. Retrieved July 18, 2025, from https://www.compadre.org/Repository/document/ServeFile.cfm?ID=16919&DocID=5986
Chicago Format
Polverini, Giulia, and Bor Gregorcic. "Performance of freely available vision-capable chatbots on the test for understanding graphs in kinematics." Paper presented at the Physics Education Research Conference 2024, Boston, MA, July 10-11, 2024. https://www.compadre.org/Repository/document/ServeFile.cfm?ID=16919&DocID=5986 (accessed 18 July 2025).
MLA Format
Polverini, Giulia, and Bor Gregorcic. "Performance of freely available vision-capable chatbots on the test for understanding graphs in kinematics." Physics Education Research Conference 2024. Boston, MA: 2024. 336-341 of PER Conference. 18 July 2025 <https://www.compadre.org/Repository/document/ServeFile.cfm?ID=16919&DocID=5986>.
BibTeX Export Format
@inproceedings{ Author = "Giulia Polverini and Bor Gregorcic", Title = {Performance of freely available vision-capable chatbots on the test for understanding graphs in kinematics}, BookTitle = {Physics Education Research Conference 2024}, Pages = {336-341}, Address = {Boston, MA}, Series = {PER Conference}, Month = {July 10-11}, Year = {2024} }
Refer Export Format

%A Giulia Polverini %A Bor Gregorcic %T Performance of freely available vision-capable chatbots on the test for understanding graphs in kinematics %S PER Conference %D July 10-11 2024 %P 336-341 %C Boston, MA %U https://www.compadre.org/Repository/document/ServeFile.cfm?ID=16919&DocID=5986 %O Physics Education Research Conference 2024 %O July 10-11 %O application/pdf

EndNote Export Format

%0 Conference Proceedings %A Polverini, Giulia %A Gregorcic, Bor %D July 10-11 2024 %T Performance of freely available vision-capable chatbots on the test for understanding graphs in kinematics %B Physics Education Research Conference 2024 %C Boston, MA %P 336-341 %S PER Conference %8 July 10-11 %U https://www.compadre.org/Repository/document/ServeFile.cfm?ID=16919&DocID=5986


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